William t



W. T. RICHARDS. Making Elliptic Spring Eyes.

' Patented Aug. 27', 1867.

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"gotten states IMPROVEMENT IN MAKING THE EYE OF ELLIPTIG SPRINGS flit: fitlphnlr reitmt in in that gtrttert hated amt making part of its same.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM '1. RICHARDS, of the city of Bridgeport, in the county of- Fairfield, and State .of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Machinery for Making the Knuckle or Eye- Part of the Joint oi Elliptic Springs for carriages; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction, character, and operation of the same, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, which make part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is aperspective view of the whole machine, showing the locations of the dies, levers, and came.

Figure 2 is a perspective view'of the camshaft, showing the shape and relative positions of the cams.

Figure 3 is an enlarged section of the pair of dies in which the end of the bar is cut or scarfed, and partially formed, and of the bar of steel, as in the operation.

Figure 4 is an enlarged view of the other pair of dies which finishes the eye or knuckle, withthe partiallyformed bar in its relative position for finishing.

Figure 5 is a perspective view of one of the eyes or knuckles, perfectly'formed, as it comes from the second pair of dies. V I

' My improvement consists in fitting one pair of dies, into which I can pass the heated end of the bar of steel,

when, by the operation of the cam on the lever, the end of the bar will be bent and cut ofi at such an incline or bevel as to. leave the scarfed point or'e'dge in a suitable condition to be inserted into the other pair of dies to be finished; and in so fitting the second pair of dies that I can pass the before-mentioned partially-formed article into them, when, by the operation of one cam, the article or bar will be held, as in a vise, and by that of another cam the ram will he brought forward so as to completely form or finish the eye or knuckle ready for use.

I make the frame of cast iron, or any other suitable material, substantially in the form shown at A A, &c., in fig. 1.

I make the cam-shaft with the fly-wheel B, clutch a, and cams b, c, and d, substantially of the shape, and

locate them substantially in the relative positions shown in figs. 1 and 2, making the whole of cast iron or any other suitable material, and I work the clutch, to throw the machine into and out of gear, by the treadle 0, chain e, and leverff, all as shown in fig. or by any other convenient means.

I make the lower or stationary part of the first pair of dies of cast steel, (and the other diesof the same,)

substantially of the form indicated in section at g, fig. 3, and "partially shown in perspective at g, fig. 1, on which I lay the heated end of the bar of steel it while being bent and cut or scarfedto fit it for rolling up.

I make the upper or movable part of the die in two parts, as represented at z'and j, figs. 1 and 3, and secure them .-together by a binding-screw, shown neart', fig. 1, which screw passes through a slot in the part 2', by which I can adjust that part to the thickness of the steel, as 71, figs. 1 and 3; and the other part-j, I makewith a cut-ting edge orshear, as indicated at k, fig. 3, which will bend down-and then cut or scarf the end of the bar to the shape indicated at Zin figs. '3 and 4. I secure these two partsz' and j to the end of a cast-iron lever, D, the projecting cap E of which rests upon the upper ends of the parts 2' and j, and I fit a gauge, as F, to determineth'c exact length or point at which'the steel is to be cut by the cutting-diej, which secure by a binding screw, it, and I work the .lever D by the cam 6, figs. 1 and 2, as indicated in fig. 1.

' I make the lower or stationary part of the second or finishing-dies, as shown at n, figs. '1 and 4, with a. slot or space out in the centre of the inner end, as indicated at m, fig. 4, to receive the projection or tongue 0 on the headof theram p, figs. 1 and 4. I

I make the upper or moving part of this second die substantially in the form shown at r, figs. 1 and 4, with a concave segment of a circle at its inner end, to assist in forming the eye, and I secure it to the under side of the end of the cast-iron lever G, as shown in fig. 1, which lever is worked by the cam c, figs. 1 and 2.

I make the head of the ram of cast steel, and with a concave semicircle at its front end, as shown near 1;, fig. 4, to receive the cut and partially-formed endZ of the spring it, and witha projecting piece or tongue, as indicated at 0, fig. 4, t.o serve as a bridge to pass under the spring h and into the slot m, to prevent the spring being crippled down while the eye is being formed by the parts a and r. And I make a guide or gauge, as Bhowuat H, fig. 1, to designate the exact extent to which theeye must he rolled, and which I secure in place by a set-screw, as s. This .ram is forced forward by the earn 11, figs. 2 and}, and thrown back by a spring, (not seen,) or by any other convenient means; v

Having made the several parts as before described, I place thc cam-shat't and cams in their proper positions, key the lower-or stationary dies 9 and n in their proper dove-tails in the frame, and put the ramp in its place, and put the two levers D and G in their places, on their proper fulcrum-pin a. when the whole will appear as represented in fig. 1, and the machine will be ready for use.

To use my machine, (having cut the bars of steel to tho desired length.) I pass one end of the bar h on to the dieg and under the point of the cutter j, when, by revolving the cam-shalt in the direction indicated by the dart on the fly-wheeh the cam b will raise the rear end of the lever D and force down the dies 2' and j, and,

when the point k of the cutting-diej strikes the bar 71, it will first bend it over the rounded eorn'er of the die 9, as indicated at l, and, when thehar is bent down to a firm resting place, the point 7c will cut or scarf off the end of the bar, and the die 2' will flatten down-or straighten the bar, so that the whole-will be as represented in fig. 3. I'then take the bark out, turn it over, and place it on the die n, when the YGOJVH 0 will raise the rear end of. the lever G and bring down the die r on to the bar It, as represented infig. 4, so as to hold it firmly like a vise, and the cam dwill force the ram p forward, so that the tongue 0 will pass under the bar It, as shown in figz, and pass into the slot m, while the upper point of the concave head of the ram p will strike the point I of the partially-formed eye and turn it over so far that the point will pass into the recess in thedie r, and, by continuing the force on the ram, the two segmental curves or recesses will roll up the .searfied end of the bar It to the position shown in fig. 5, when the eye will be complete; thus dispensing entirely with the hammer and rolling-mill informing a complete and finished eye.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1 The combination of the ,dies'g, i, and j with the lever D, or its equivalent, when they are constructed, arranged, and fitted to scarf the end and partially form the eye, substantially as herein described.-

2. I claim the combination of the dies at and r with the head of the ram p, when the head is provided with a tongue, 0, and the die n has a slot or recess, m, to receive the tongue, and the whole is fitted .to produce the result of finishing the eye, substantiallyas herein described.

. I WM. T, RICHARDS. Witnesses":

SAMUEL GoaHAM, B. FITZGERALD. 

